Python抓取今日头条街拍图片数据

（1）抓取今日头条街拍图片

（2）分析今日头条街拍图片结构

keyword: 街拍pd: atlasdvpf: pcaid: 4916page_num: 1search_json: {\"from_search_id\":\"20220104115420010212192151532E8188\",\"origin_keyword\":\"街拍\",\"image_keyword\":\"街拍\"}rawJSON: 1search_id: 202201041159040101501341671A4749C4

可以找到规律，page_num从1开始累加，其他参数不变

（3）按功能不同编写不同方法组织代码

获取网页json格式数据

def get_page(page_num):global headersheaders = {\'Host\': \'so.toutiao.com\',#\'Referer\': \'https://so.toutiao.com/search?keyword=%E8%A1%97%E6%8B%8D&pd=atlas&dvpf=pc&aid=4916&page_num=0&search_json={%22from_search_id%22:%22202112272022060101510440283EE83D67%22,%22origin_keyword%22:%22%E8%A1%97%E6%8B%8D%22,%22image_keyword%22:%22%E8%A1%97%E6%8B%8D%22}\',\'User-Agent\': \'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.198 Safari/537.36\',\'X-Requested-With\': \'XMLHttpRequest\',\'Cookie\': \'msToken=S0DFBkZ9hmyLOGYd3_QjhhXgrm38qTyOITnkNb0t_oavfbVxuYV1JZ0tT5hLgswSfmZLFD6c2lONm_5TomUQXVXjen7CIxM2AGwbhHRYKjhg; _S_DPR=1.5; _S_IPAD=0; MONITOR_WEB_ID=7046351002275317255; ttwid=1%7C0YdWalNdIiSpIk3CvvHwV25U8drq3QAj08E8QOApXhs%7C1640607595%7C720e971d353416921df127996ed708931b4ae28a0a8691a5466347697e581ce8; _S_WIN_WH=262_623\'}params = {\'keyword\': \'街拍\',\'pd\': \'atlas\',\'dvpf\': \'pc\',\'aid\': \'4916\',\'page_num\': page_num,\'search_json\': \'%7B%22from_search_id%22%3A%22202112272022060101510440283EE83D67%22%2C%22origin_keyword%22%3A%22%E8%A1%97%E6%8B%8D%22%2C%22image_keyword%22%3A%22%E8%A1%97%E6%8B%8D%22%7D\',\'rawJSON\': 1,\'search_id\': \'2021122721183101015104402851E3883D\'}url = \'https://so.toutiao.com/search?\' + urlencode(params)print(url)try:response=requests.get(url,headers=headers,params=params)if response.status_code == 200:#if response.content:#print(response.json())return response.json()except requests.ConnectionError:return None

从json格式数据提取街拍图片

def get_images(json):images = json.get(\'rawData\').get(\'data\')for image in images:link = image.get(\'img_url\')yield link

将街拍图片以其md5码命名并保存图片

实现一个保存图片的方法 save_image()，其中 item 就是前面 get_images() 方法返回的一个字典。在该方法中，首先根据 item 的 title 来创建文件夹，然后请求这个图片链接，获取图片的二进制数据，以二进制的形式写入文件。图片的名称可以使用其内容的 MD5 值，这样可以去除重复。相关代码如下：

def save_image(link):data = requests.get(link).contentwith open(f\'./image/{md5(data).hexdigest()}.jpg\', \'wb\')as f:#使用data的md5码作为图片名f.write(data)

main()调用其他函数

def main(page_num):json = get_page(page_num)for link in get_images(json):#print(link)save_image(link)

（4）抓取20page今日头条街拍图片数据

这里定义了分页的起始页数和终止页数，分别为 GROUP_START 和 GROUP_END，还利用了多线程的线程池，调用其 map() 方法实现多线程下载。

if __name__ == \'__main__\':GROUP_START = 1GROUP_END = 20pool = Pool()groups = ([x for x in range(GROUP_START, GROUP_END + 1)])#print(groups)pool.map(main, groups)pool.close()pool.join()

import requestsfrom urllib.parse import urlencodefrom hashlib import md5from multiprocessing.pool import Pooldef get_page(page_num):global headersheaders = {\'Host\': \'so.toutiao.com\',#\'Referer\': \'https://so.toutiao.com/search?keyword=%E8%A1%97%E6%8B%8D&pd=atlas&dvpf=pc&aid=4916&page_num=0&search_json={%22from_search_id%22:%22202112272022060101510440283EE83D67%22,%22origin_keyword%22:%22%E8%A1%97%E6%8B%8D%22,%22image_keyword%22:%22%E8%A1%97%E6%8B%8D%22}\',\'User-Agent\': \'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.198 Safari/537.36\',\'X-Requested-With\': \'XMLHttpRequest\',\'Cookie\': \'msToken=S0DFBkZ9hmyLOGYd3_QjhhXgrm38qTyOITnkNb0t_oavfbVxuYV1JZ0tT5hLgswSfmZLFD6c2lONm_5TomUQXVXjen7CIxM2AGwbhHRYKjhg; _S_DPR=1.5; _S_IPAD=0; MONITOR_WEB_ID=7046351002275317255; ttwid=1%7C0YdWalNdIiSpIk3CvvHwV25U8drq3QAj08E8QOApXhs%7C1640607595%7C720e971d353416921df127996ed708931b4ae28a0a8691a5466347697e581ce8; _S_WIN_WH=262_623\'}params = {\'keyword\': \'街拍\',\'pd\': \'atlas\',\'dvpf\': \'pc\',\'aid\': \'4916\',\'page_num\': page_num,\'search_json\': \'%7B%22from_search_id%22%3A%22202112272022060101510440283EE83D67%22%2C%22origin_keyword%22%3A%22%E8%A1%97%E6%8B%8D%22%2C%22image_keyword%22%3A%22%E8%A1%97%E6%8B%8D%22%7D\',\'rawJSON\': 1,\'search_id\': \'2021122721183101015104402851E3883D\'}url = \'https://so.toutiao.com/search?\' + urlencode(params)print(url)try:response=requests.get(url,headers=headers,params=params)if response.status_code == 200:#if response.content:#print(response.json())return response.json()except requests.ConnectionError:return Nonedef get_images(json):images = json.get(\'rawData\').get(\'data\')for image in images:link = image.get(\'img_url\')yield linkdef save_image(link):data = requests.get(link).contentwith open(f\'./image/{md5(data).hexdigest()}.jpg\', \'wb\')as f:#使用data的md5码作为图片名f.write(data)def main(page_num):json = get_page(page_num)for link in get_images(json):#print(link)save_image(link)if __name__ == \'__main__\':GROUP_START = 1GROUP_END = 20pool = Pool()groups = ([x for x in range(GROUP_START, GROUP_END + 1)])#print(groups)pool.map(main, groups)pool.close()pool.join()