C#中GDAL读写shp图层

采用GDAL17的C#库进行shp图层属性表读取和修改操作，C#DLL库解压后包含文件如下：

添加引用主要是带csharp的gdal、ogr、osr三个DLL，程序代码如下：

using OSGeo.OGR;

using OSGeo.OSR;

using OSGeo.GDAL;

1. 读取shp图层操作

public void Reforming(string shpFilePath){Gdal.SetConfigOption(\"GDAL_FILENAME_IS_UTF8\", \"NO\");Gdal.SetConfigOption(\"SHAPE_ENCODING\", \"\");Ogr.RegisterAll();// 注册所有的驱动DataSource ds = Ogr.Open(shpFilePath, 1);//0表示只读，1表示可修改if (ds == null) { MessageBox.Show(\"打开文件【{0}】失败！\", shpFilePath); return; }// 获取第一个图层int iLayerCount = ds.GetLayerCount();Layer oLayer = ds.GetLayerByIndex(0);if (oLayer == null) { MessageBox.Show(\"获取第{0}个图层失败！ n\", \"0\"); return; }fieldList = GetFieldList(oLayer);//获取图层属性表字段列表int featureCount = oLayer.GetFeatureCount(0);//B1.判断字段是否存在#region shp属性表{if (!fieldList.Contains(\"LL_YAW\")){FieldDefn oFieldYaw = new FieldDefn(\"LL_YAW\", FieldType.OFTReal);oFieldYaw.SetWidth(10);oFieldYaw.SetPrecision(8);oLayer.CreateField(oFieldYaw, 1);}if (!fieldList.Contains(\"LL_ScaleX\")){FieldDefn oFieldYaw = new FieldDefn(\"LL_ScaleX\", FieldType.OFTReal);oFieldYaw.SetWidth(10);oFieldYaw.SetPrecision(8);oLayer.CreateField(oFieldYaw, 1);}if (!fieldList.Contains(\"LL_ScaleY\")){FieldDefn oFieldYaw = new FieldDefn(\"LL_ScaleY\", FieldType.OFTReal);oFieldYaw.SetWidth(10);oFieldYaw.SetPrecision(8);oLayer.CreateField(oFieldYaw, 1);}}#endregion//输出属性表字段的详细信息，数据类型、宽度、精度等FeatureDefn oDefn1 = oLayer.GetLayerDefn();int FieldCount1 = oDefn1.GetFieldCount();string headerInfo = string.Empty;{for (int i = 0; i < FieldCount1; i++){FieldDefn oField = oDefn.GetFieldDefn(i);headerInfo += String.Format(\"{0}:{1} {2} {3}\", oField.GetNameRef(), oField.GetFieldTypeName(oField.GetFieldType()), oField.GetWidth(), oField.GetPrecision());headerInfo += Environment.NewLine;}}MessageBox.Show(headerInfo);Feature oFeature = null;while ((oFeature = oLayer.GetNextFeature()) != null){string name = oFeature.GetFieldAsString(0);double x = oFeature.GetFieldAsDouble(1);double y = oFeature.GetFieldAsDouble(2);double z = oFeature.GetFieldAsDouble(3);//B3.给新增加的字段赋值oFeature.SetField(7, x);oFeature.SetField(8, y);oFeature.SetField(9, z);oLayer.SetFeature(oFeature);//保存记录}oLayer.Dispose();ds.Dispose();//关闭数据集}private List<string> GetFieldList(Layer mLayer){List<string> newFieldList = new List<string>();FeatureDefn oDefn = mLayer.GetLayerDefn();int FieldCount = oDefn.GetFieldCount();for (int i = 0; i < FieldCount; i++){FieldDefn oField = oDefn.GetFieldDefn(i);string fieldName = oField.GetNameRef();newFieldList.Add(fieldName);}return newFieldList;}}

需要创建或获取shp图层的Spatial Reference空间参考坐标系WKT时，代码如下：

OSGeo.OSR.SpatialReference siref = oLayer.GetSpatialRef();

siref.ExportToWkt(out layerCSWKT);

siref.ImportFromWkt(ref layerCSWKT);

2.创建shp图层，并将点的坐标值写入属性表代码如下：

private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){OSGeo.GDAL.Gdal.SetConfigOption(\"GDAL_FILENAME_IS_UTF8\", \"NO\");// 为了使属性表字段支持中文，请添加下面这句OSGeo.GDAL.Gdal.SetConfigOption(\"SHAPE_ENCODING\", \"\");string strVectorFile1 = @\"C:\\Users\\DZY\\Desktop\\test6\";Ogr.RegisterAll();string strDriver = \"ESRI Shapefile\";Driver oDriver = Ogr.GetDriverByName(strDriver);if (oDriver == null){MessageBox.Show(\" 驱动不可用！\\n\", strVectorFile1);return;}DataSource ds1 = oDriver.CreateDataSource(strVectorFile1,null);if (ds1 == null){MessageBox.Show(\"创建矢量文件【%s】失败！\\n\", strVectorFile1);return;}string wkt = \"…\";//自定义投影坐标系的WKTOSGeo.OSR.SpatialReference sr = new OSGeo.OSR.SpatialReference(wkt);Layer olayer1 = ds1.CreateLayer(\"PointLayer\",sr,wkbGeometryType.wkbPoint,null);//接下来创建属性表字段// 先创建一个叫FieldID的整型属性FieldDefn oFieldID = new FieldDefn(\"FieldID\", FieldType.OFTInteger);olayer1.CreateField(oFieldID, 1);// 再创建一个叫FeatureName的字符型属性，字符长度为50FieldDefn oFieldName = new FieldDefn(\"FieldName\", FieldType.OFTString);oFieldName.SetWidth(50);olayer1.CreateField(oFieldName, 1);//创建x坐标字段FieldDefn oFieldX = new FieldDefn(\"x\", FieldType.OFTReal);oFieldX.SetWidth(10);oFieldX.SetPrecision(8);olayer1.CreateField(oFieldX, 1);//创建y坐标字段FieldDefn oFieldY = new FieldDefn(\"y\", FieldType.OFTReal);oFieldY.SetWidth(10);oFieldY.SetPrecision(8);olayer1.CreateField(oFieldY, 1);//创建z坐标字段FieldDefn oFieldZ= new FieldDefn(\"z\", FieldType.OFTReal);oFieldZ.SetWidth(10);oFieldZ.SetPrecision(8);olayer1.CreateField(oFieldZ, 1);//写入第一条数据FeatureDefn oDefn = olayer1.GetLayerDefn();Feature oFeature = new Feature(oDefn);oFeature.SetField(0, 0);oFeature.SetField(1, \"Point1\");oFeature.SetField(2, 489592.624);oFeature.SetField(3, 3804367.891);oFeature.SetField(4, 386.3);Geometry geoPoint = new Geometry(OSGeo.OGR.wkbGeometryType.wkbPoint);geoPoint.AddPoint(489592.624, 3804367.891, 386.3);oFeature.SetGeometry(geoPoint);olayer1.CreateFeature(oFeature);//写入第二条数据Feature oFeature1 = new Feature(oDefn);oFeature1.SetField(0, 1);oFeature1.SetField(1, \"Point2\");oFeature1.SetField(2, 489602.624);oFeature1.SetField(3, 3804367.891);oFeature1.SetField(4, 389.3);geoPoint.AddPoint(489602.624, 3804367.891, 389.3);oFeature1.SetGeometry(geoPoint);olayer1.CreateFeature(oFeature1);oFeature1.Dispose();olayer1.Dispose();ds1.Dispose();MessageBox.Show(\"shp图层创建完成！\");}

ArcMap中加载效果如下：多个点可采取循环遍历的方式实现。