爱站程序员基地文档目录：
一、函数体
二、实参与形参
三、返回值
四、举例：函数+while循环
五、举例：列表/元组/字典传递
六、模块与函数的导入
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一、函数体
1、定义删除
def green_user():\"\"\"显示简单的问候语\"\"\"print(\"hello world!\")green_user()
查看结果：
hello world！
2、函数传递信息
def green_user(username):\"\"\"显示简单的问候语\"\"\"print( f\"Hello,{username.title()}!\" )green_user(\"Lucy\")
查看结果：
Hello,Lucy!
二、实参与形参
1、概念
def green_user(username):\"\"\"显示简单的问候语\"\"\"print( f\"Hello,{username.title()}!\" )green_user(\"Lucy\")
形参：username
实参：\”Lucy\”
2、位置实参，且支持多次调用
def describe_pet(animal_type,pet_name):\"\"\"显示宠物的信息\"\"\"print(f\"I have a {animal_type}\")print(f\"My {animal_type}\'s name is {pet_name}\")describe_pet(\'dog\',\'Mary\')describe_pet(\'cat\',\'Little White\')
查看结果：
I have a dogMy dog\'s name is MaryI have a catMy cat\'s name is Little White
3、实参中将名称和值关联起来
def describe_pet(animal_type,pet_name):\"\"\"显示宠物的信息\"\"\"print(f\"I have a {animal_type}\")print(f\"My {animal_type}\'s name is {pet_name}\")describe_pet(animal_type=\'dog\',pet_name=\'Mary\')
查看结果：
I have a dogMy dog\'s name is Mary
4、默认值，需放在形参最后
def describe_pet(pet_name,animal_type=\'cat\'):\"\"\"显示宠物的信息\"\"\"print(f\"I have a {animal_type}\")print(f\"My {animal_type}\'s name is {pet_name}\")describe_pet(pet_name=\'Mary\')describe_pet(\'Big White\')
查看结果：
I have a catMy cat\'s name is MaryI have a catMy cat\'s name is Big White
三、返回值
1、返回简直值:return
def get_formatted_name(first_name,last_name):\"\"\"返回全名，并且首字母大写\"\"\"full_name=f\"{first_name} {last_name}\"return full_name.title()name=get_formatted_name(\"mike\",\"jackson\")print(name)
查看结果：
Mike Jackson
2、实参可选
def get_formatted_name(first_name,last_name,middle_name=\'\'):\"\"\"返回全名，并且首字母大写\"\"\"full_name=f\"{first_name} {middle_name} {last_name}\"return full_name.title()name1=get_formatted_name(\"mike\",\"jackson\",\'midddd\')name2=get_formatted_name(\"mike\",\"jackson\")print(name1)print(name2)
3、返回字典
def build_person(first_name,last_name):\"\"\"返回一个字段\"\"\"persion={\'first\':first_name,\'last\':last_name}return persiondicttest1=build_person(\'xiao\',\'long\')print(dicttest1)
查看结果：
{\'first\': \'xiao\', \'last\': \'long\'}
四、举例：函数+while循环
def get_formatted_name(first_name,last_name):\"\"\"返回全名，并且首字母大写\"\"\"full_name=f\"{first_name} {last_name}\"return full_name.title()while True:print(\"Please tell me your name:\")print(\"（enter \'q\' at any time to quit）\")f_name=input(\"First name:\")if f_name==\'q\':breakl_name=input(\"Last name:\")if l_name==\'q\':breakformatted_name=get_formatted_name(\'mike\',\'jackson\')print(f\"\\nhello,{formatted_name}!\")
查看结果：
Please tell me your name:（enter \'q\' at any time to quit）First name:mikeLast name:jacksonhello,Mike Jackson!Please tell me your name:（enter \'q\' at any time to quit）First name:tomLast name:q
五、举例：列表/元组/字典传递
1、传递列表
def greet_users(names):\"\"\"向列表中的每位用户发出简单的问候\"\"\"for name in names:msg=f\"Hello,{name.title()}!\"print(msg)username=[\'bk\',\'anna\',\'tom\',\'mary\']greet_users(username)
查看结果：
Hello,Bk!Hello,Anna!Hello,Tom!Hello,Mary!
2、在函数中修改列表
unconfirmed_users=[\'alice\',\'brian\',\'candace\']confirmed_users=[]def confirmed(unconfirmed_users,confirmed_users):while unconfirmed_users:current_user = unconfirmed_users.pop()print( f\"Verfying users:{current_user.title()}\" )confirmed_users.append( current_user )# 显示所有验证的用户def print_confirmed_users(confirmed_users):print( \"\\nThe following users have been confirmed!\" )for confirm_user in confirmed_users:print( confirm_user.title() )confirmed(unconfirmed_users,confirmed_users)print_confirmed_users(confirmed_users)print(unconfirmed_users)
查看结果：
Verfying users:CandaceVerfying users:BrianVerfying users:AliceThe following users have been confirmed!CandaceBrianAlice[]
3、优化：函数修改原列表
#将列表的副本传递给函数unconfirmed_users=[\'alice\',\'brian\',\'candace\']confirmed_users=[]def confirmed(unconfirmed_users,confirmed_users):while unconfirmed_users:current_user = unconfirmed_users.pop()print( f\"Verfying users:{current_user.title()}\" )confirmed_users.append( current_user )# 显示所有验证的用户def print_confirmed_users(confirmed_users):print( \"\\nThe following users have been confirmed!\" )for confirm_user in confirmed_users:print( confirm_user.title() )confirmed(unconfirmed_users[:],confirmed_users)print_confirmed_users(confirmed_users)print(unconfirmed_users)
查看结果：原列56c表不会修改
Verfying users:CandaceVerfying users:BrianVerfying users:AliceThe following users have been confirmed!CandaceBrianAlice[\'alice\', \'brian\', \'candace\']
4、传递任意数量的实参(元组)
#*号可以生成一个空元组，封装接收的所有值def make_pizza(*toppings):\"\"\"打印顾客点的所有配料\"\"\"print(toppings)make_pizza(\'pepperoni\')make_pizza(\'mushrooms\',\'chesse\',\'green peppers\')
查看结果：
(\'pepperoni\',)(\'mushrooms\', \'chesse\', \'green peppers\')
5、结合使用位置实参和任意数量实参
def make_pizza(size,*toppings):\"\"\"打印顾客点的所有配料\"\"\"print(f\"Making a {size}-inch pizza with the folowing toppings\")for topping in toppings:print(f\'-{topping}\')make_pizza(16,\'pepperoni\')make_pizza(12,\'mushrooms\',\'chesse\',\'green peppers\')
查看结果：
Making a 16-inch pizza with the folowing toppings-pepperoniMaking a 12-inch pizza with the folowing toppings-mushrooms-chesse-green peppers
6、使用任意数量的关键字实参（字典）
#**可以生成一个空字典def build_profile(first,last,**user_info):\"\"\"创建一个字典，其中包含有关用户的信息\"\"\"user_info[\'first_name\']=firstuser_info[\'last_name\']=lastreturn user_infouser_profile=build_profile(\'albert\',\'master\',location=\'princeton\',field=\'physics\',number=1)print(user_profile)
查看运行结果：
{\'location\': \'princeton\', \'field\': \'physics\', \'number\': 1, \'first_name\': \'albert\', \'last_name\': \'master\'}
六、模块与函数的导入
1、导入模块
import test04_functiontest04_function.make_pizza(13,\'prpperono\')test04_function.make_pizza(10,\'prpperono\',\'cheese\',\'mushrooms\')
查看结果：
Making a 13-inch pizza with the folowing toppings-prpperonoMaking a 10-inch pizza with the folowing toppings-prpperono-cheese-mushrooms
2、导入特定的函数
from test04_function import make_pizzamake_pizza(10,\'prpperono\',\'cheese\',\'mushrooms\')
3、使用as给函数指定别名
from test04_function import make_pizza as mpmp(10,\'prpperono\',\'cheese\',\'mushrooms\')
4、使用as给模块执行别名
import test04_function as pizzapizza.make_pizza(10,\'prpper56cono\',\'cheese\',\'mushrooms\')
5、导入模块中的所有函数
from test04_function import *
