SpringBoot2.0之@Configuration注解
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前面我们介绍了Spring boot2.0的启动和第一个helloworld实例,今天我们来讲解一下springboot2.0比较关键的注解@Configuration
在讲解
@Configuration
这个注解之前我们首先说一个实例
我们有一个User的bean和一个Dog的bean
- 现在我们通过原始的spring的方式去管理这两个bean
-
通过配置文件beans.xml配置user和dog的bean
<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><beans xmlns=\"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans\"xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\"xsi:schemaLocation=\"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd\"><bean id=\"user01\" class=\"com.dashi.bean.User\"><property name=\"name\" value=\"zhangsan\"/><property name=\"age\" value=\"18\"/></bean><bean id=\"dog01\" class=\"com.dashi.bean.Pet\"><property name=\"name\" value=\"哈利\"/></bean></beans>
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创建ApplicationContext获取user bean
/*** spring方式通过getbean/*public static void main(String[] args) {ApplicationContext ac = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(\"classpath:beans.xml\");User user01 = (User) ac.getBean(\"user01\");}现在我们通过原始的spring的方式去管理这两个bean**
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接下来我们通过spring boot的@Configuration注解来实现bean的管理
创建配置类
MyConfig
(该名称可以自定义),该类通过@Configuration注解
通过
@Configuration
注解的类就相当于spring的beans.xml文件,通过@Bean注解的方法即为一个个的bean。bean中的属性即为spring中的property属性
/*** 相当于spring中的bean.xml的<bean id=\"user01\"></bean>*/@Configurationpublic class Myconfig {//方法的名称就是spring bean中的bean id 该方法为”user01“,属性为property@Beanpublic User user01(){return new User(\"zhangsan\",18);}//方法的名称就是spring bean中的bean id 该方法为”dogPet“ 属性为property@Beanpublic Pet dogPet(){return new Pet(\"tom\");}}
-
得到user和Pet的实体类
@SpringBootApplicationpublic class MainApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {//SpringApplication.run(MainApplication.class);ConfigurableApplicationContext run = SpringApplication.run(MainApplication.class);// String[] names = run.getBeanDefinitionNames();// for(String name:names){// System.out.println(name);// }User user01 = run.getBean(\"user01\", User.class);System.out.println(user01.getName());Pet dogPet = run.getBean(\"dogPet\", Pet.class);System.out.println(dogPet.getName());}}
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运行结果如下:
. ____ _ __ _ _/\\\\ / ___\'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \\ \\ \\ \\( ( )\\___ | \'_ | \'_| | \'_ \\/ _` | \\ \\ \\ \\\\\\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) )\' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\\__, | / / / /=========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/:: Spring Bo56cot :: (v2.0.6.RELEASE)2021-05-09 10:45:08.692 INFO 15880 --- [ main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]2021-05-09 10:45:08.692 INFO 15880 --- [ main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]2021-05-09 10:45:09.136 INFO 15880 --- [ main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup2021-05-09 10:45:09.758 INFO 15880 --- [ main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8888 (http) with context path \'\'2021-05-09 10:45:09.786 INFO 15880 --- [ main] com.dashi.MainApplication : Started MainApplication in 4.501 seconds (JVM running for 7.13)zhangsantom
最后
通过以上说明@Configuration使用SpringBoot的方式去创建一个Bean,以代替传统通过xml的方式声明Bean,简便了beans.xml的配置,具有实际的试用意义
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