基于tcp的Socket编程

1. 特点

   面向有连接
   • 数据量大，以字节流形式传输
   • 通过三次握手，协议可靠

2. 编程思想

   建立套接字(socket)

   它允许程序把网络连接看成一个流(stream)，可以向这个流写字节，也可以从这个流读取字节。

   • 监听

   • 建立连接

   • 通信

   • 关闭IO流、Socket

Client（客户端）

• 建立套接字

  Socket(IneAddress address/*服务器的IP地址*/,int port/*端口号*/)

• 建立连接

  IN

getInputStream()//返回字节输入流对象InputStreamReader(InputStream in)//将字节流转换为（单个）字符BufferedReader(Reader in)//缓冲字符输入流

• OUT

getOutputStream()//返回字节输出流对象PrintWriter(Writer out)//字符类型打印输出流

readLine()//等待接收数据，自能读取一行

close()

Server（服务端）

• 建立套接字

  ServerSocket(int port)

• 监听

  accept()

• 建立连接

  //同CLient

• 通信

  //同CLient(方法相同，具体实现看自己设计)

• 关闭IO流、Socket

  //同CLient

问题

在不使用多线程的情况下，只能实现简单的一问一答而不能单方多次输出（不知道是不是我菜），所以在源码中有多线程的部分

以下为源码

//server部分import java.io.IOException;import java.io.ObjectInputStream;import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;import java.net.ServerSocket;import java.net.Socket;import java.util.Scanner;public class Server {public static void main(String[] args) {System.out.println(\"服务器开始运行\");try {ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(6666);while(true){Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();new Thread(new ServerListen(socket)).start();new Thread(new ServerSend(socket)).start();}} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}/*** 监听*/class ServerListen implements Runnable{private Socket socket;public ServerListen(Socket socket) {this.socket = socket;}@Overridepublic void run() {try {ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(socket.getInputStream());Object obj;while(true){obj = ois.readObject();if(!(\"(Heart):心跳测试\".equals(obj))){System.out.println(obj);}}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}finally {try {socket.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}}/*** 发送*/class ServerSend implements Runnable{private Socket socket;public ServerSend(Socket socket) {this.socket = socket;}@Overridepublic void run() {try {ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);while(true){System.out.println(\"(Server):\");String string = \"(Server):\" + scanner.nextLine();oos.writeObject(string);oos.flush();}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------//client部分import java.io.IOException;import java.io.ObjectInputStream;import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;import java.net.Socket;import java.util.Scanner;public class Client1 {/*** socket*/public static Socket socket;/*** 连接状态码*/public static boolean connState = false;/*** 输出流*/public static ObjectOutputStream oos;/*** 输入流*/public static ObjectInputStream ois;public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {//尝试第一次连接while(!connState){reConnect();//线程休息3秒//Thread.sleep(3000);}}/*** 连接方法*/private static void connect(){try {socket = new Socket(\"127.0.0.1\",6666);connState = true;oos = new ObjectOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());ois = new ObjectInputStream(socket.getInputStream());//建立多线程避免堵塞new Thread(new ClientListen(socket,ois)).start();new Thread(new ClientSend(socket,oos)).start();new Thread(new ClientHeart(socket,oos)).start();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();connState = false;}}/*** 断开时重连*/public static void reConnect(){System.out.println(\"正在尝试重连。。。\");connect();try {//线程休息3秒Thread.sleep(3000);} catch (InterruptedException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}/*** 监听*/class ClientListen implements Runnable{private Socket socket;ObjectInputStream ois ;public ClientListen(Socket socket,ObjectInputStream ois) {this.socket = socket;this.ois = ois;}@Overridepublic void run() {try {//打印输入内容while(true){System.out.println(ois.readObject());}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}/*** 发送*/class ClientSend implements Runnable{private Socket socket;private ObjectOutputStream oos;public ClientSend(Socket socket, ObjectOutputStream oos) {this.socket = socket;this.oos = oos;}@Overridepublic void run() {try {Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);while(true){//键盘输入System.out.println(\"(Client):\");String string = \"(Client):\" + scanner.nextLine();//输出键入的内容oos.writeObject(string);//刷新缓冲oos.flush();}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();try {socket.close();Client1.connState = false;Client1.reConnect();} catch (IOException ex) {ex.printStackTrace();}}}}/*** 心跳测试（检查连接是否断开）*/class ClientHeart implements Runnable{private Socket socket;private ObjectOutputStream oos;public ClientHeart(Socket socket ,ObjectOutputStream oos) {this.socket = socket;this.oos = oos;}@Overridepublic void run() {try {System.out.println(\"心跳测试已开始\");while(true){//线程休息5秒Thread.sleep(5000);String string = \"(Heart):心跳测试\";oos.writeObject(string);oos.flush();}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();try {socket.close();Client1.connState = false;Client1.reConnect();} catch (IOException ex) {ex.printStackTrace();}}}}