这篇文章主要介绍了50条SQL查询技巧、查询语句示例,本文以学生表、课程表、成绩表、教师表为例,讲解不同需求下的SQL语句写法,需要的朋友可以参考下,建议经常用MySQL的同志们收藏。
Student(S#,Sname,Sage,Ssex) 学生表
Course(C#,Cname,T#) 课程表
SC(S#,C#,score) 成绩表
Teacher(T#,Tname) 教师表
目录
1、查询“001”课程比“002”课程成绩高的所有学生的学号;
2、查询平均成绩大于60分的同学的学号和平均成绩;
3、查询所有同学的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩;
4、查询姓“李”的老师的个数;
5、查询没学过“叶平”老师课的同学的学号、姓名;
6、查询学过“001”并且也学过编号“002”课程的同学的学号、姓名;
7、查询学过“叶平”老师所教的所有课的同学的学号、姓名;
8、查询课程编号“002”的成绩比课程编号“001”课程低的所有同学的学号、姓名;
9、查询所有课程成绩小于60分的同学的学号、姓名;
10、查询没有学全所有课的同学的学号、姓名;
11、查询至少有一门课与学号为“1001”的同学所学相同的同学的学号和姓名;
12、查询至少学过学号为“001”同学所有一门课的其他同学学号和姓名;
13、把“SC”表中“叶平”老师教的课的成绩都更改为此课程的平均成绩;
14、查询和“1002”号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学学号和姓名;
15、删除学习“叶平”老师课的SC表记录;
16、向SC表中插入一些记录,这些记录要求符合以下条件:没有上过编号“003”课程的同学学号、2、号课的平均成绩;
17、按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的“数据库”、“企业管理”、“英语”三门的课程成绩,按如下形式显示: 学生ID,,数据库,企业管理,英语,有效课程数,有效平均分
18、查询各科成绩最高和最低的分:以如下形式显示:课程ID,最高分,最低分
19、按各科平均成绩从低到高和及格率的百分数从高到低顺序
20、查询如下课程平均成绩和及格率的百分数(用"1行"显示): 企业管理(001),马克思(002),OO&UML (003),数据库(004)
21、查询不同老师所教不同课程平均分从高到低显示
22、查询如下课程成绩第 3 名到第 6 名的学生成绩单:企业管理(001),马克思(002),UML (003),数据库(004)[学生ID],[学生姓名],企业管理,马克思,UML,数据库,平均成绩
23、统计列印各科成绩,各分数段人数:课程ID,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[ <60]
24、查询学生平均成绩及其名次
25、查询各科成绩前三名的记录:(不考虑成绩并列情况)
26、查询每门课程被选修的学生数
27、查询出只选修了一门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名
28、查询男生、女生人数
29、查询姓“张”的学生名单
30、查询同名同性学生名单,并统计同名人数
31、1981年出生的学生名单(注:Student表中Sage列的类型是datetime)
32、查询每门课程的平均成绩,结果按平均成绩升序排列,平均成绩相同时,按课程号降序排列
33、查询平均成绩大于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩
34、查询课程名称为“数据库”,且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数
35、查询所有学生的选课情况;
36、查询任何一门课程成绩在70分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数;
37、查询不及格的课程,并按课程号从大到小排列
38、查询课程编号为003且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名;
39、求选了课程的学生人数
40、查询选修“叶平”老师所授课程的学生中,成绩最高的学生姓名及其成绩
41、查询各个课程及相应的选修人数
42、查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学号、课程号、学生成绩
43、查询每门功成绩最好的前两名
44、统计每门课程的学生选修人数(超过10人的课程才统计)。要求输出课程号和选修人数,查询结果按人数降序排列,查询结果按人数降序排列,若人数相同,按课程号升序排列
45、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号
46、查询全部学生都选修的课程的课程号和课程名
47、查询没学过“叶平”老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名
48、查询两门以上不及格课程的同学的学号及其平均成绩
49、检索“004”课程分数小于60,按分数降序排列的同学学号
50、删除“002”同学的“001”课程的成绩
1、查询“001”课程比“002”课程成绩高的所有学生的学号;
select a.S# from (select s#,score from SC where C#='001') a,(select s#,scorefrom SC where C#='002') bwhere a.score>b.score and a.s#=b.s#;
2、查询平均成绩大于60分的同学的学号和平均成绩;
select S#,avg(score)from scgroup by S# having avg(score) >60;
3、查询所有同学的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩;
select Student.S#,Student.Sname,count(SC.C#),sum(score)from Student left Outer join SC on Student.S#=SC.S#group by Student.S#,Sname
4、查询姓“李”的老师的个数;
select count(distinct(Tname))from Teacherwhere Tname like '李%';
5、查询没学过“叶平”老师课的同学的学号、姓名;
select Student.S#,Student.Snamefrom Studentwhere S# not in (select distinct( SC.S#) from SC,Course,Teacher where SC.C#=Course.C# and Teacher.T#=Course.T# and Teacher.Tname='叶平');
6、查询学过“001”并且也学过编号“002”课程的同学的学号、姓名;
select Student.S#,Student.Sname from Student,SC where Student.S#=SC.S# and SC.C#='001'and exists( Select * from SC as SC_2 where SC_2.S#=SC.S# and SC_2.C#='002');
7、查询学过“叶平”老师所教的所有课的同学的学号、姓名;
select S#,Sname from Studentwhere S# in (select S# from SC ,Course ,Teacher where SC.C#=Course.C# and Teacher.T#=Course.T# and Teacher.Tname='叶平' group by S# having count(SC.C#)=(select count(C#) from Course,Teacher where Teacher.T#=Course.T# and Tname='叶平'));
8、查询课程编号“002”的成绩比课程编号“001”课程低的所有同学的学号、姓名;
Select S#,Sname from (select Student.S#,Student.Sname,score ,(select score from SC SC_2 where SC_2.S#=Student.S# and SC_2.C#='002') score2from Student,SC where Student.S#=SC.S# and C#='001') S_2 where score2 <score;
9、查询所有课程成绩小于60分的同学的学号、姓名;
select S#,Sname from Studentwhere S# not in (select Student.S# from Student,SC where S.S#=SC.S# and score>60);
10、查询没有学全所有课的同学的学号、姓名;
select Student.S#,Student.Snamefrom Student,SCwhere Student.S#=SC.S# group by Student.S#,Student.Sname having count(C#) <(select count(C#) from Course);
11、查询至少有一门课与学号为“1001”的同学所学相同的同学的学号和姓名;
select S#,Sname from Student,SC where Student.S#=SC.S# and C# in select C# from SC where S#='1001';
12、查询至少学过学号为“001”同学所有一门课的其他同学学号和姓名;
select distinct SC.S#,Snamefrom Student,SCwhere Student.S#=SC.S# and C# in (select C# from SC where S#='001');
13、把“SC”表中“叶平”老师教的课的成绩都更改为此课程的平均成绩;
update SC set score=(select avg(SC_2.score)from SC SC_2where SC_2.C#=SC.C# ) from Course,Teacher where Course.C#=SC.C# and Course.T#=Teacher.T# and Teacher.Tname='叶平');
14、查询和“1002”号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学学号和姓名;
select S# from SC where C# in (select C# from SC where S#='1002')group by S# having count(*)=(select count(*) from SC where S#='1002');
15、删除学习“叶平”老师课的SC表记录;
Delect SC from course ,Teacherwhere Course.C#=SC.C# and Course.T#= Teacher.T# and Tname='叶平';
16、向SC表中插入一些记录,这些记录要求符合以下条件:没有上过编号“003”课程的同学学号、2、号课的平均成绩;
Insert SC select S#,'002',(Select avg(score)from SC where C#='002') from Student where S# not in (Select S# from SC where C#='002');
17、按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的“数据库”、“企业管理”、“英语”三门的课程成绩,按如下形式显示: 学生ID,,数据库,企业管理,英语,有效课程数,有效平均分
SELECT S# as 学生ID,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.S#=t.S# AND C#='004') AS 数据库,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.S#=t.S# AND C#='001') AS 企业管理,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.S#=t.S# AND C#='006') AS 英语,COUNT(*) AS 有效课程数, AVG(t.score) AS 平均成绩FROM SC AS tGROUP BY S#ORDER BY avg(t.score)
18、查询各科成绩最高和最低的分:以如下形式显示:课程ID,最高分,最低分
SELECT L.C# As 课程ID,L.score AS 最高分,R.score AS 最低分FROM SC L ,SC AS RWHERE L.C# = R.C# andL.score = (SELECT MAX(IL.score)FROM SC AS IL,Student AS IMWHERE L.C# = IL.C# and IM.S#=IL.S#GROUP BY IL.C#)ANDR.Score = (SELECT MIN(IR.score)FROM SC AS IRWHERE R.C# = IR.C#GROUP BY IR.C#);
19、按各科平均成绩从低到高和及格率的百分数从高到低顺序
SELECT t.C# AS 课程号,max(course.Cname)AS 课程名,isnull(AVG(score),0) AS 平均成绩,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN isnull(score,0)>=60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(*) AS 及格百分数FROM SC T,Coursewhere t.C#=course.C#GROUP BY t.C#ORDER BY 100 * SUM(CASE WHEN isnull(score,0)>=60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(*) DESC
20、查询如下课程平均成绩和及格率的百分数(用"1行"显示): 企业管理(001),马克思(002),OO&UML (003),数据库(004)
SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN C# ='001' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN '001' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 企业管理平均分,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '001' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '001' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 企业管理及格百分数,SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '002' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN '002' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 马克思平均分,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '002' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '002' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 马克思及格百分数,SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '003' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN '003' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS UML平均分,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '003' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '003' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS UML及格百分数,SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '004' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN '004' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 数据库平均分,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '004' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '004' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 数据库及格百分数FROM SC
21、查询不同老师所教不同课程平均分从高到低显示
SELECT max(Z.T#) AS 教师ID,MAX(Z.Tname) AS 教师姓名,C.C# AS 课程ID,MAX(C.Cname) AS 课程名称,AVG(Score) AS 平均成绩FROM SC AS T,Course AS C ,Teacher AS Zwhere T.C#=C.C# and C.T#=Z.T#GROUP BY C.C#ORDER BY AVG(Score) DESC
22、查询如下课程成绩第 3 名到第 6 名的学生成绩单:企业管理(001),马克思(002),UML (003),数据库(004)[学生ID],[学生姓名],企业管理,马克思,UML,数据库,平均成绩
SELECT DISTINCT top 3SC.S# As 学生学号,Student.Sname AS 学生姓名 ,T1.score AS 企业管理,T2.score AS 马克思,T3.score AS UML,T4.score AS 数据库,ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) as 总分FROM Student,SC LEFT JOIN SC AS T1ON SC.S# = T1.S# AND T1.C# = '001'LEFT JOIN SC AS T2ON SC.S# = T2.S# AND T2.C# = '002'LEFT JOIN SC AS T3ON SC.S# = T3.S# AND T3.C# = '003'LEFT JOIN SC AS T4ON SC.S# = T4.S# AND T4.C# = '004'WHERE student.S#=SC.S# andISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0)NOT IN(SELECTDISTINCTTOP 15 WITH TIESISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0)FROM scLEFT JOIN sc AS T1ON sc.S# = T1.S# AND T1.C# = 'k1'LEFT JOIN sc AS T2ON sc.S# = T2.S# AND T2.C# = 'k2'LEFT JOIN sc AS T3ON sc.S# = T3.S# AND T3.C# = 'k3'LEFT JOIN sc AS T4ON sc.S# = T4.S# AND T4.C# = 'k4'ORDER BY ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) DESC);
23、统计列印各科成绩,各分数段人数:课程ID,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[ <60]
SELECT SC.C# as 课程ID, Cname as 课程名称,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 85 AND 100 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [100 - 85],SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 70 AND 85 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [85 - 70],SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 60 AND 70 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [70 - 60],SUM(CASE WHEN score < 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [60 -]FROM SC,Coursewhere SC.C#=Course.C#GROUP BY SC.C#,Cname;
24、查询学生平均成绩及其名次
SELECT 1+(SELECT COUNT( distinct 平均成绩)FROM (SELECT S#,AVG(score) AS 平均成绩FROM SCGROUP BY S#) AS T1WHERE 平均成绩 > T2.平均成绩) as 名次,S# as 学生学号,平均成绩FROM (SELECT S#,AVG(score) 平均成绩FROM SCGROUP BY S#) AS T2ORDER BY 平均成绩 desc;
25、查询各科成绩前三名的记录:(不考虑成绩并列情况)
SELECT t1.S# as 学生ID,t1.C# as 课程ID,Score as 分数FROM SC t1WHERE score IN (SELECT TOP 3 scoreFROM SCWHERE t1.C#= C#ORDER BY score DESC)ORDER BY t1.C#;
26、查询每门课程被选修的学生数
select c#,count(S#) from sc group by C#;
27、查询出只选修了一门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名
select SC.S#,Student.Sname,count(C#) AS 选课数from SC ,Studentwhere SC.S#=Student.S# group by SC.S# ,Student.Sname having count(C#)=1;
28、查询男生、女生人数
Select count(Ssex) as 男生人数 from Student group by Ssex having Ssex='男';Select count(Ssex) as 女生人数 from Student group by Ssex having Ssex='女';
29、查询姓“张”的学生名单
SELECT Sname FROM Student WHERE Sname like '张%';
30、查询同名同性学生名单,并统计同名人数
select Sname,count(*) from Student group by Sname having count(*)>1;
31、1981年出生的学生名单(注:Student表中Sage列的类型是datetime)
select Sname, CONVERT(char (11),DATEPART(year,Sage)) as agefrom studentwhere CONVERT(char(11),DATEPART(year,Sage))='1981';
32、查询每门课程的平均成绩,结果按平均成绩升序排列,平均成绩相同时,按课程号降序排列
Select C#,Avg(score) from SC group by C# order by Avg(score),C# DESC ;
33、查询平均成绩大于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩
select Sname,SC.S# ,avg(score)from Student,SCwhere Student.S#=SC.S# group by SC.S#,Sname having avg(score)>85;
34、查询课程名称为“数据库”,且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数
Select Sname,isnull(score,0)from Student,SC,Coursewhere SC.S#=Student.S# and SC.C#=Course.C# and Course.Cname='数据库'and score <60;
35、查询所有学生的选课情况;
SELECT SC.S#,SC.C#,Sname,CnameFROM SC,Student,Coursewhere SC.S#=Student.S# and SC.C#=Course.C# ;
36、查询任何一门课程成绩在70分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数;
SELECT distinct student.S#,student.Sname,SC.C#,SC.scoreFROM student,ScWHERE SC.score>=70 AND SC.S#=student.S#;
37、查询不及格的课程,并按课程号从大到小排列
select c# from sc where scor e <60 order by C# ;
38、查询课程编号为003且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名;
select SC.S#,Student.Sname from SC,Student where SC.S#=Student.S# and Score>80 and C#='003';
39、求选了课程的学生人数
select count(*) from sc;
40、查询选修“叶平”老师所授课程的学生中,成绩最高的学生姓名及其成绩
select Student.Sname,scorefrom Student,SC,Course C,Teacherwhere Student.S#=SC.S# and SC.C#=C.C# and C.T#=Teacher.T# and Teacher.Tname='叶平' and SC.score=(select max(score)from SC where C#=C.C# );
41、查询各个课程及相应的选修人数
select count(*) from sc group by C#;
42、查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学号、课程号、学生成绩
select distinct A.S#,B.score from SC A ,SC B where A.Score=B.Score and A.C# <>B.C# ;
43、查询每门功成绩最好的前两名
SELECT t1.S# as 学生ID,t1.C# as 课程ID,Score as 分数FROM SC t1WHERE score IN (SELECT TOP 2 scoreFROM SCWHERE t1.C#= C#ORDER BY score DESC)ORDER BY t1.C#;
44、统计每门课程的学生选修人数(超过10人的课程才统计)。要求输出课程号和选修人数,查询结果按人数降序排列,查询结果按人数降序排列,若人数相同,按课程号升序排列
select C# as 课程号,count(*) as 人数from scgroup by C#order by count(*) desc,c#
45、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号
select S#from scgroup by s#having count(*) > = 2
46、查询全部学生都选修的课程的课程号和课程名
select C#,Cnamefrom Coursewhere C# in (select c# from sc group by c#)
47、查询没学过“叶平”老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名
select Sname from Student where S# not in (select S# from Course,Teacher,SC where Course.T#=Teacher.T# and SC.C#=course.C# and Tname='叶平');
48、查询两门以上不及格课程的同学的学号及其平均成绩
select S#,avg(isnull(score,0)) from SC where S# in (select S# from SC where score <60 group by S# having count(*)>2)group by S#;
49、检索“004”课程分数小于60,按分数降序排列的同学学号
select S# from SC where C#='004'and score <60 order by score desc;
50、删除“002”同学的“001”课程的成绩
delete from Sc where S#='001'and C#='001';