前言

建议收藏，亲手写一遍代码，感受指针神奇的魅力；
可以帮助你更好的巩固知识体系，熟悉指针，结构体与函数一起使用时的妙处

完成通讯录管理系统所需知识体系
1.结构体
2.指针
3.函数的封装
4.指针与函数的结合使用
5.指针与结构体的结合使用

结构体

联系人结构体

struct person{string name;//姓名string sex; //性别int age;  //年龄string phone;//手机号string home;//地址};

通讯录结构体

struct addressbook{struct person personArray[MAX]; //通讯录扩展到100；int size=0;  //当前联系人个数(后面就相当于i++)};

函数模块

void menu();//菜单void putit(addressbook* add);//添加联系人void showperson(addressbook* add);// 显示联系人int if_include(addressbook* add, string name);//判断联系人void deleteperson(addressbook* add, int i);//删除联系人void findPerson( addressbook* add);//查找联系人void cleanperson(struct addressbook* add);//清空所有联系人

菜单

void menu(){cout << endl;cout << "**********【主菜单】************" << endl;cout << "---------1.添加联系人:----------" << endl;cout << "---------2.显示联系人：---------" << endl;cout << "---------3.删除联系人：---------" << endl;cout << "---------4.查找联系人：---------" << endl;cout << "---------5.修改联系人：---------" << endl;cout << "---------6.清空联系人：---------" << endl;cout << "---------0.退出通讯录：---------" << endl;cout << "*******************************" << endl;}

添加联系人

void putit(addressbook* add)//添加联系人功能{if (add->size == MAX)cout << "通讯录已满" << endl;else{string name;string sex;int age;string phone;string home;cout << "请输入姓名" << endl;cin >> name;add->personArray[add->size].name = name;cout << "请输入姓别" << endl;cin >> sex;add->personArray[add->size].sex = sex;cout << "请输入年龄" << endl;cin >> age;add->personArray[add->size].age = age;cout << "请输入电话号码" << endl;cin >> phone;add->personArray[add->size].phone = phone;cout << "请输入家庭住址" << endl;cin >> home;add->personArray[add->size].home = home;add->size++;cout << "添加联系人成功" << endl;}system("pause");system("cls");menu();}

有人问添加联系人函数中为什么要使用指针?
因为值传递中形参无法改变实参；
而利用指针的地址传递可以通过函数中的形参改变实参；
具体原理可以参考博主之前的指针基础和指针进阶内容]

显示联系人

void showperson(addressbook* add){for (int i = 0; i <add->size; i++){cout << "姓名：  " << add->personArray[i].name;cout << "\\t姓别：  " << add->personArray[i].sex;cout << "\\t年龄：  " << add->personArray[i].age;cout << "\\t电话号码：  " << add->personArray[i].phone;cout << "\\t家庭住址：  " << add->personArray[i].home << endl;}system("pause");system("cls");menu();}

判断联系人

int if_include(addressbook* add, string name){for (int i = 0; i < add->size; i++){if (name == add->personArray[i].name){return i;}else{return -1;}}}

删除联系人

void deleteperson(addressbook* add, int i){for (; i < add->size; i++){add->personArray[i] = add->personArray[i + 1];}system("pause");system("cls");}

查找联系人

void findPerson( addressbook* add){cout << "请输入您想要查找的联系人：" << endl;string name;cin >> name;int ret = if_include(add, name);if (ret == -1){cout << "查无此人" << endl;}else{   //查到此人，进行显示操作int i = ret;cout << "姓名：" << add->personArray[i].name << "\\t";cout << "性别：" << add->personArray[i].sex << "\\t";cout << "年龄：" << add->personArray[i].age << "\\t";cout << "联系方式：" << add->personArray[i].phone << "\\t";cout << "地址：" << add->personArray[i].home << endl;}//按任意键清屏system("pause");system("cls");}

清空所有联系人

void cleanperson(struct addressbook* add)//清空所有联系人{cout << "是否确认清空？" << endl;cout << "1 --- 是" << endl;cout << "2 --- 否" << endl;int a;cin >> a;if (a == 1){add->size = 0;//将当前记录联系人数量置为0，做逻辑上的清空操作cout << "通讯录已清空" << endl;}system("pause");system("cls");}

main函数

int main(){menu();addressbook add;//定义一个通讯录int choice=1;while (choice != 0){cin >> choice;switch (choice)//选择{case 1: putit(&add);break;case 2: showperson(&add);break;case 3: {cout << "请输入你要删除的人的名字" << endl;string aname;cin >> aname;if (if_include(&add, aname) == -1){cout << "查无此人" << endl;break;}if (if_include(&add, aname)){deleteperson(&add, if_include(&add, aname));}}break;case 4:break;case 5:break;case 6:break;case 0: cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;return 0;break;default: {cout << "输入不合法，请重新输入" << endl;break; }}}}

源代码

#include<iostream>using namespace std;#include<string>#define MAX 100struct person{string name;//姓名string sex; //性别int age;  //年龄string phone;//手机号string home;//地址};struct addressbook{struct person personArray[MAX]; //通讯录扩展到100；int size=0;  //当前联系人个数(后面就相当于i++)};void menu();//菜单void putit(addressbook* add);void showperson(addressbook* add);int if_include(addressbook* add, string name);void deleteperson(addressbook* add, int i);void findPerson(struct addressbooks* add);//查找联系人void cleanperson(struct addressbook* add);//清空所有联系人int main(){menu();addressbook add;int choice=1;while (choice != 0){cin >> choice;switch (choice){case 1: putit(&add);break;case 2: showperson(&add);break;case 3: {cout << "请输入你要删除的人的名字" << endl;string aname;cin >> aname;if (if_include(&add, aname) == -1){cout << "查无此人" << endl;break;}if (if_include(&add, aname)){deleteperson(&add, if_include(&add, aname));}}break;case 4:break;case 5:break;case 6:break;case 0: cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;return 0;break;default: {cout << "输入不合法，请重新输入" << endl;break; }}}}void menu(){cout << endl;cout << "***********【主菜单】***********" << endl;cout << "---------1.添加联系人:----------" << endl;cout << "---------2.显示联系人：---------" << endl;cout << "---------3.删除联系人：---------" << endl;cout << "---------4.查找联系人：---------" << endl;cout << "---------5.修改联系人：---------" << endl;cout << "---------6.清空联系人：---------" << endl;cout << "---------0.退出通讯录：---------" << endl;cout << "********************************" << endl;}void putit(addressbook* add)//添加联系人功能{if (add->size == MAX)cout << "通讯录已满" << endl;else{string name;string sex;int age;string phone;string home;cout << "请输入姓名" << endl;cin >> name;add->personArray[add->size].name = name;cout << "请输入姓别" << endl;cin >> sex;add->personArray[add->size].sex = sex;cout << "请输入年龄" << endl;cin >> age;add->personArray[add->size].age = age;cout << "请输入电话号码" << endl;cin >> phone;add->personArray[add->size].phone = phone;cout << "请输入家庭住址" << endl;cin >> home;add->personArray[add->size].home = home;add->size++;cout << "添加联系人成功" << endl;}system("pause");system("cls");menu();}void showperson(addressbook* add){for (int i = 0; i <add->size; i++){cout << "姓名：  " << add->personArray[i].name;cout << "\\t姓别：  " << add->personArray[i].sex;cout << "\\t年龄：  " << add->personArray[i].age;cout << "\\t电话号码：  " << add->personArray[i].phone;cout << "\\t家庭住址：  " << add->personArray[i].home << endl;}system("pause");system("cls");menu();}int if_include(addressbook* add, string name){for (int i = 0; i < add->size; i++){if (name == add->personArray[i].name){return i;}else{return -1;}}}void deleteperson(addressbook* add, int i){for (; i < add->size; i++){add->personArray[i] = add->personArray[i + 1];}system("pause");system("cls");}void findPerson( addressbook* add){cout << "请输入您想要查找的联系人：" << endl;string name;cin >> name;int ret = if_include(add, name);if (ret == -1){cout << "查无此人" << endl;}else{   //查到此人，进行显示操作int i = ret;cout << "姓名：" << add->personArray[i].name << "\\t";cout << "性别：" << add->personArray[i].sex << "\\t";cout << "年龄：" << add->personArray[i].age << "\\t";cout << "联系方式：" << add->personArray[i].phone << "\\t";cout << "地址：" << add->personArray[i].home << endl;}//按任意键清屏system("pause");system("cls");}void cleanperson(struct addressbook* add)//清空所有联系人{cout << "是否确认清空？" << endl;cout << "1 --- 是" << endl;cout << "2 --- 否" << endl;int a;cin >> a;if (a == 1){add->size = 0;//将当前记录联系人数量置为0，做逻辑上的清空操作cout << "通讯录已清空" << endl;}system("pause");system("cls");}