如何将 Oracle 单实例数据库转换为RAC数据库？

墨墨导读：本文来自墨天轮用户投稿，文章详述安装一套RAC环境，并把单实例数据库通过通过rman还原到这个环境（通常如果是生产环境，我们会搭建从RAC到单实例数据库的ADG，以减少停机时间）。

单实例数据库转换为RAC数据库，Oracle 11.2.0.4

首先，安装一套RAC环境，并把单实例数据库通过通过rman还原到这个环境（通常如果是生产环境，我们会搭建从RAC到单实例数据库的ADG，以减少停机时间）。
然后生成一个源库（单实例数据库）spfile：

startup pfile=/home/oracle/orcld/spfile.orclddb.tmp08:07:25 sys@orclddb>show parameter spfileNAME                                 TYPE        VALUE------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------spfile                               string

注意检查tnsnames.ora中用于local_listener参数的两个配置条目是否正确：

LISTENER_RAC1=(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dm0101-vip.orcld.com)(PORT = 1521))LISTENER_RAC2=(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dm0102-vip.orcld.com)(PORT = 1521))

修改刚才备份的pfile文件（/home/oracle/orcld/spfile.orclddb.tmp），添加RAC相关配置：

*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orclddb/adump'*.audit_trail='NONE'*.compatible='11.2.0.3.0'*.control_files='+DATADG/orclddb/control01.ctl','+DATADG/orclddb/control02.ctl'*.db_block_size=8192*.db_domain=''*.db_files=2000*.db_name='orclddb'*.db_recovery_file_dest='+RECODG'*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=336870912000*.db_unique_name='orclddb'*.deferred_segment_creation=FALSE*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclddbXDB)'*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orclddb'*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'*.open_cursors=500*.pga_aggregate_target=1059552256*.processes=500*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'*.resource_manager_plan=''*.session_cached_cursors=2000*.sga_target=0*.standby_file_management='AUTO'*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'#*.use_large_pages='ONLY'*.db_cache_size=3g*.shared_pool_size=3g*.streams_pool_size=28m*.java_pool_size=200m*.log_buffer=37108864*.job_queue_processes=20*.cluster_database=true*.cluster_database_instances=2*.undo_management=AUTO*.db_create_file_dest='+DATADG'*.db_create_online_log_dest_1='+RECODG'orclddb1.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'orclddb2.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS2'orclddb1.instance_number=1orclddb2.instance_number=2orclddb1.instance_name=orclddb1orclddb2.instance_name=orclddb2orclddb1.thread=1orclddb2.thread=2orclddb1.local_listener=LISTENER_RAC1orclddb2.local_listener=LISTENER_RAC2

使用这个pfile启动数据库：

08:26:59 @>startup pfile=/home/oracle/orcld/spfile.orclddb.tmpORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area       6881869824 bytesFixed Size                        2266064 bytesVariable Size                  3573550128 bytesDatabase Buffers               3221225472 bytesRedo Buffers                     84828160 bytesDatabase mounted.Database opened.

添加thread2：

08:27:30 @>alter database add logfile thread 208:28:16   2    group 17  ('+RECODG') size 1024m,08:28:16   3    group 18  ('+RECODG') size 1024m,08:28:16   4    group 19  ('+RECODG') size 1024m,group 20  ('+RECODG') size 1024m,08:28:16   5  08:28:16   6      group 21  ('+RECODG') size 1024m,08:28:16   7    group 22  ('+RECODG') size 1024m,group 23  ('+RECODG') size 1024m,08:28:16   8  08:28:16   9      group 24  ('+RECODG') size 1024m,group 25  ('+RECODG') size 1024m,08:28:16  10  08:28:16  11      group 26  ('+RECODG') size 1024m,08:28:16  12    group 27  ('+RECODG') size 1024m,group 28  ('+RECODG') size 1024m,08:28:16  13  08:28:16  14      group 29  ('+RECODG') size 1024m,08:28:16  15    group 30  ('+RECODG') size 1024m,08:28:16  16    group 31  ('+RECODG') size 1024m,08:28:16  17    group 32  ('+RECODG') size 1024m;08:28:16  18Database altered.Elapsed: 00:00:28.51

添加实例2的undo表空间：

08:28:46 @>CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS2 DATAFILE '+DATADG' SIZE 10480m ;Tablespace created.Elapsed: 00:00:09.87

启用实例2（thread2）：

08:29:11 @>alter database enable public thread 2;Database altered.Elapsed: 00:00:00.59

创建spfile：

create spfile='+DATADG' from pfile='/home/oracle/orcld/spfile.orclddb.tmp';File created.Elapsed: 00:00:00.21

使用grid用户查看：

ASMCMD> lsspfile.3296.878718931ASMCMD> pwd+datadg/orclddb/PARAMETERFILEASMCMD>

修改initorclddb1.ora 文件：

[oracle@dm01db01 dbs]$ cat initorclddb1.oraSPFILE='+datadg/orclddb/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.3296.878718931'[oracle@dm01db01 dbs]$

检查数据库：

sys@orclddb>show parameter spfileNAME                                 TYPE        VALUE------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------spfile                               string      +DATADG/orclddb/parameterfile/spfile.3296.87871893108:42:11 sys@orclddb>show parameter clusterNAME                                 TYPE        VALUE------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------cluster_database                     boolean     TRUEcluster_database_instances           integer     2cluster_interconnects                string08:42:14 sys@orclddb>

执行@?/rdbms/admin/catclust.sql，这个过程按照文档即可，没啥说的，执行完了检查日志，看看是否有报错。

然后启动数据库，检查2个数据库实例是否都正常了

SYS@orclddb2>startupORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area       6881869824 bytesFixed Size                        2266064 bytesVariable Size                  3573550128 bytesDatabase Buffers               3221225472 bytesRedo Buffers                     84828160 bytesDatabase mounted.Database opened.SYS@orclddb2>select * from v$active_instances;INST_NUMBER INST_NAME---------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 dm01db01.orcld.com:orclddb12 dm01db02.orcld.com:orclddb2Elapsed: 00:00:00.00SYS@orclddb2>SYS@orclddb2>show parameter spfileNAME                                 TYPE        VALUE------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------spfile                               string      +DATADG/orclddb/parameterfile/spfile.3296.878718931SYS@orclddb2>

把数据库实例添加到CRS中：

[oracle@dm01db01 ~]$ srvctl config database -d orclddbPRCD-1120 : The resource for database orclddb could not be found.PRCR-1001 : Resource ora.orclddb.db does not exist[oracle@dm01db01 ~]$[oracle@dm01db01 ~]$ srvctl add database -d orclddb -o /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1[oracle@dm01db01 ~]$ srvctl add instance -d orclddb -n dm01db01 -i orclddb1[oracle@dm01db01 ~]$ srvctl add instance -d orclddb -n dm01db02 -i orclddb2[oracle@dm01db01 ~]$ srvctl config database -d orclddbDatabase unique name: orclddbDatabase name:Oracle home: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1Oracle user: oracleSpfile:Domain:Start options: openStop options: immediateDatabase role: PRIMARYManagement policy: AUTOMATICServer pools: orclddbDatabase instances: orclddb1,orclddb2Disk Groups:Mount point paths:Services:Type: RACDatabase is administrator managed[oracle@dm01db01 ~]$[oracle@dm01db01 ~]$ srvctl modify database -d orclddb -a DATADG,RECODG[oracle@dm01db01 ~]$ srvctl modify database -d orclddb -p '+DATADG/orclddb/parameterfile/spfile.3296.878718931'[oracle@dm01db01 ~]$ srvctl config database -d orclddbDatabase unique name: orclddbDatabase name:Oracle home: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1Oracle user: oracleSpfile: +DATADG/orclddb/parameterfile/spfile.3296.878718931Domain:Start options: openStop options: immediateDatabase role: PRIMARYManagement policy: AUTOMATICServer pools: orclddbDatabase instances: orclddb1,orclddb2Disk Groups: DATADG,RECODGMount point paths:Services:Type: RACDatabase is administrator managed[oracle@dm01db01 ~]$

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